An Introduction to Two-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory with (0,2) Supersymmetry (Lecture Notes in Physics)

This book introduces two-dimensional supersymmetric field theories with emphasis on both linear and non-linear sigma models. Complex differential geometry, in connection with supersymmetry, has played a key role in most developments of the last thirty years in quantum field theory and string theory. Both structures introduce a great deal of rigidity compared to the more general categories of non-supersymmetric theories and real differential geometry, allowing for many general conceptual results and detailed quantitative predictions. Two-dimensional (0,2) supersymmetric quantum field theories provide a natural arena for the fruitful interplay between geometry and quantum field theory. These theories play an important role in string theory and provide generalizations, still to be explored fully, of rich structures such as mirror symmetry. They also have applications to non-perturbative four-dimensional physics, for instance as descriptions of surface defects or low energy dynamics of solitonic strings in four-dimensional supersymmetric theories. The purpose of these lecture notes is to acquaint the reader with these fascinating theories, assuming a background in conformal theory, quantum field theory and differential geometry at the beginning graduate level. In order to investigate the profound relations between structures from complex geometry and field theory the text begins with a thorough examination of the basic structures of (0,2) quantum field theory and conformal field theory. Next, a simple class of Lagrangian theories, the (0,2) Landau-Ginzburg models, are discussed, together with the resulting renormalization group flows, dynamics, and symmetries. After a thorough introduction and examination of (0,2) non-linear sigma models, the text introduces linear sigma models that, in particular, provide a unified treatment of non-linear sigma models and Landau-Ginzburg theories. Many exercises, along with discussions of relevant mathematical notions and important open problems in the field, are included in the text. Ilarion Melnikov is an assistant professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at James Madison University. His research is in mathematical physics, and his main interests are in quantum field theory and string theory. His recent work has focused on two-dimensional conformal field theory in its relation to geometry and the landscape of heterotic string vacua. Prof. Melnikov studied at Cornell and at Duke and has been a postdoc at the Enrico Fermi Institute at the University of Chicago, at the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (the Albert Einstein Institute), the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M, and most recently in the Department of Mathematics at Harvard. Preface.- (0,2) Fundamentals.-Conformalities.- Landau-Ginzburg theories.- Heterotic Non-linear Sigma Models.- Gauged Linear Sigma Models.