Interacting Boson Models of Nuclear Structure (Oxford Studies in Nuclear Physics)

This text is designed to provide physicists with an accessible introduction to the interacting boson model, an approach to nuclear structure that was first proposed in 1974, with several important extensions and generalizations appearing over the last decade. The value of this model lies in the fact that the traditional shell model of nuclear structure is limited in its application to light nuclei or heavier nuclei with only a few valence nucleons outside closed shells. Beyond these limits, the model requires prohibitively large-scale calculations. For this reason, the introduction of collective models has been necessary, including the approach described here. Algebraic descriptions for the effects of clustering, permanent octupole deformation, and giant resonances are included. And, for the description of odd nuclei, the interacting boson-fermion model has been introduced, and nuclear supersymmetries associated with it have been analyzed. Introduction; The Interacting Boson Model-1 (IBM-1); Higher order interactions in IBM-1; Algebraic description of octupole vibrations; The sdg Interacting Boson Model (Sdg/IBM); The Interacting Boson Model-2 (IBM-2); Radial degrees of freedom; The Interacting Boson Models 3 and 4; The Nuclear Vibron Model; Algebraic description of asymmetric shapes in nuclei; Algebraic description of giant dipole resonances; The Interacting Boson Fermion Model; Nuclear supersymmetries (SUSYs!); Geometrical limit of algebraic models; Generalized Variable Moment of Inertia models; Microscopic foundations of IBM