Myogenesis: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology)

Our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and adaptive responses to activity has increased dramatically in recent years, fostered by innovative techniques and approaches that are either specifically designed or adapted for research in skeletal muscle biology.  Myogenesis: Methods and Protocols presents detailed, step-by-step methods in the study of the molecular and cellular biology of skeletal muscle cells.  Protocols from different model systems including mammalian, avian, zebrafish, and invertebrate skeletal muscle are included in this volume.  Highlighted topics cover a wide range of interests and expertise including myogenic and stem cell isolation, investigation of models of exercise and disuse, viral vector delivery systems, calcium imaging, cell profiling, as well as protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology(TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.  Comprehensive and authoritative, Myogenesis: Methods and Protocols serves as an invaluable, state-of-the-art resource for experienced and emerging scientists in basic research as well as clinical and regenerative medicine. Part I: Isolation and Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Precursor Cells   1. Isolation and Characterization of Human Fetal Myoblasts             Ariya D. Lapan and Emanuela Gussoni   2. Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells: Background and Methods for Isolation and Analysis in a Primary Culture System             Maria Elena Danoviz and Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni   3. Isolation of Muscle Stem Cells by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) Cytometry             Alessandra Pasut, Paul Oleynik, and Michael A. Rudnicki   4. Mouse and Human Mesoangioblasts: Isolation and Characterization from Adult Skeletal Muscles             Mattia Quattrocelli, Giacomo Palazzolo, Ilaria Perini, Stefania Crippa, Marco Cassano, and Maurilio Sampaolesi   5. Direct Electrical Stimulation of Myogenic Cultures for Analysis of Muscle Fiber Type Control             Eric J. Cavanaugh, Jennifer R. Crew, and Joseph X. DiMario   6. Single Muscle-Fiber Isolation and Culture for Cellular, Molecular, Pharmacological, and Evolutionary Studies             Judy E. Anderson, Ashley C. Wozniak, and Wataru Mizunoya   7. Somite Unit Chronometry to Analyze Teratogen Phase Specificity in the Paraxial Mesoderm             Sara J. Venters and Charles P. Ordahl   Part II: Non-Mammalian Models of Myogenesis   8. Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Development in Drosophila             Ginny R. Morriss, Anton L. Bryantsev, Maria Chechenova, Elisa M. LaBeau, TyAnna L. Lovato, Kathryn M. Ryan, and Richard M. Cripps   9. Immunocytochemistry to Study Myogenesis in Zebrafish             Nathan C. Bird, Stefanie E. Windner, and Stephen H. Devoto   10. Immunofluorescent Localization of Proteins in C. elegans Muscle             Kristy J. Wilson, Hiroshi Qadota, and Guy M. Benian   Part III: Experimental Models and Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Exercise and Disuse   11. Resistance Loading and Signaling Assays for Oxidative Stress in Rodent Skeletal Muscle             Stephen E. Alway and Robert G. Cutlip   12. Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Models of Increased Loading             Sue C. Bodine and Keith Baar   13. Protein Overexpression in Skeletal Muscle Using Plasmid-Based Gene Transfer to Elucidate Mechanisms Controlling Fiber Size             Chia-Ling Wu and Susan C. Kandarian   14. In Vivo Measurement of Muscle Protein Synthesis Rate Using the Flooding Dose Technique             Marta L. Fiorotto, Horacio A. Sosa, Jr., and Teresa A. Davis   Part IV: Generation of Viral Vectors and Transgenic Mice   15. Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Production and Purification             Jin-Hong Shin, Yongping Yue, and Dongsheng Duan   16. Generation of Lentiviral Vectors for Use in Skeletal Muscle Research             Christophe Pichavant and Jacques P. Tremblay   17. Generating Tamoxifen-Inducible Cre Alleles to Investigate Myogenesis in Mice             Christoph Lepper and Chen-Ming Fan   Part V: Muscle Profiling   18. Gene Profiling Studies in Skeletal Muscle by Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay             Shephali Bhatnagar, Siva K. Panguluri, and Ashok Kumar   19. Analysis of Lipid Profiles in Skeletal Muscles             Vassilis Mougios and Anatoli Petridou   20. Proteomic Analysis of Dystrophic Muscle             Caroline Lewis, Philip Doran, and Kay Ohlendieck   Part VI: Experimental Approaches in Calcium Imaging of Skeletal Muscle   21. Detection of Calcium Release via Ryanodine Receptors             Jerry P. Eu and Gerhard Meissner   22. Measurement of Calcium Release Due to Inositol Trisphosphate Receptors in Skeletal Muscle             Mariana Casas, Francisco Altamirano, and Enrique Jaimovich   23. Detection of Calcium Sparks in Intact and Permeabilized Skeletal Muscle Fibers             Noah Weisleder, Jingsong Zhou, and Jianjie Ma   24. Analysis of Calcium Transients in Cardiac Myocytes and Assessment of the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase Contribution             Anand Mohan Prasad and Giuseppe Inesi   Part VII: Analysis of Gene Promoter Transcriptional Activity   25. Analysis of Muscle Gene Transcription in Cultured Skeletal Muscle Cells             Charis L. Himeda, Phillip W.L. Tai, and Stephen D. Hauschka   26. Analysis of Fiber Type Differences in Reporter Gene Expression of b-Gal Transgenic Muscle             Phillip W.L. Tai, Catherine L. Smith, John C. Angello, and Stephen D. Hauschka   27. Determination of Gene Promoter Activity in Skeletal Muscles In Vivo             Sarah M. Senf and Andrew R. Judge   Part VIII: RNA-Mediated Gene Regulation   28. Determination of MiRNA Targets in Skeletal Muscle Cells             Zhan-Peng Huang, Ramn Espinoza-Lewis, and Da-Zhi Wang   29. shRNA-Mediated Gene Knockdown in Skeletal Muscle             Muriel Golzio, Jean-Michel Escoffre, and Justin Teissi   Part IX: Analysis of Protein-DNA Interactions   30. Detection of NF-kB Activity in Skeletal Muscle Cells by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Analysis             Jason M. Dahlman and Denis C. Guttridge   31. Isolation of Nuclei from Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells and Myofibers for Use in Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assays             Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Chandrashekara Mallappa,  Caroline S. Dacwag Vallaster, and Anthony N. Imbalzano   32. An Improved Restriction Enzyme Accessibility Assay (REAA) for Analyzing Changes in Chromatin Structure in Samples of Limited Cell Number             Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Chandrashekara Mallappa, Caroline S. Dacwag Vallaster, and Anthony N. Imbalzano   33. ChIP Enriched in Silico Targets (ChEST), a ChIP on Chip Approach Applied to Analyzing Skeletal Muscle Genes             Guillaume Junion and Krzysztof Jagla